#!/usr/bin/env python2 #-*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ 依赖： Python模块： sys, argparse, json, subprocess Shell命令: lsblk, blkid, parted """ import os, sys import argparse import json import subprocess import re bytes_per_gigabytes = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 DIRNAME_BASE = "disk" def parse_output(lsblk_output): """ 这个函数用于处理lsblk的非json格式输出, 在CentOS7上面lsblk不支持json输出 主要是处理parent设备和child设备 lsblk输出固定为: NAME, SIZE, MOUNTPOINT(可为空) """ last_parent = None ret_list = [] if type(lsblk_output) == bytes: lsblk_output = lsblk_output.decode('utf-8') for l in lsblk_output.splitlines(): print("Parsing line: %s" % l) name, size, mount_point = re.split("\s+", l) if (not last_parent) or (not name.startswith(last_parent)) : last_parent = name ret_list.append( { "name": name, "size": size, "mountpoint": mount_point, "path": os.path.join("/dev/", name) } ) else: if not "children" in ret_list[-1]: ret_list[-1].update({"children": []}) ret_list[-1]["children"].append( { "name": name, "size": size, "mountpoint": mount_point, "path": os.path.join("/dev/", name) } ) print("Retlist is: %s" % ret_list) return ret_list def check_directory(): # 所有磁盘将被挂载到根目录下的 __DIRNAME_BASE__N 文件夹(比如当前的 DIRNAME_BASE 是“disk”那么就是 disk0 disk1 ...) # 需要保证此文件夹不存在, 由本脚本负责创建 dirs = os.listdir("/") print(dirs) pattern = re.compile("^disk[0-9]*") for d in dirs: if pattern.search(d): print("请删除目录: /%s" % d) exit(-1) def parse_args(): parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='本脚本用于辅助快速格式化磁盘并挂载，支持按照大小筛选') group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True) group.add_argument('-s', '--size', dest='size', type=int, help='单位为G, 大于此Size的磁盘将被格式化, 会跳过系统盘所在分区') group.add_argument('-d', '--device', dest='device',type=str, nargs='*', help='多个磁盘列表, 形如 sda sdb sdc ..., 会跳过系统盘所在分区') return parser.parse_args() def bytes_to_gigabytes(byte_count): return byte_count / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 def find_root_device(): # 思路：查找挂载点是 "/" 的分区，对应的磁盘就是根设备，不能格式化 # -n 不打印标题行, -J 使用过Json输出, -b 以bytes输出大小, -o 选择column. # blkid 可以查看mountpoint dev_list_json = subprocess.check_output("lsblk -nlb -o NAME,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT".split()) dev_list = parse_output(dev_list_json) # dev_list = json.loads(dev_list_json) root_dev = None for block in dev_list: if "children" in block: for part in block["children"]: if part["mountpoint"] == "/": root_dev = block return root_dev def list_disk_by_size(filter_size): # 使用lsblk列出所有磁盘 # -n 不打印标题行, -J 使用过Json输出, -b 以bytes输出大小, -d 不显示子设备如sda1, -o 选择column. # CentOS7 不支持 -J 参数, 使用 -l 参数 dev_list_json = subprocess.check_output("lsblk -nlb -o NAME,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT".split()) dev_list = parse_output(dev_list_json) # dev_list = json.loads(dev_list_json) # dev_list = dev_list["blockdevices"] return list(filter(lambda x: int(x["size"]) > (int(filter_size) * bytes_per_gigabytes),dev_list)) def list_disk_by_name(filter_name): dev_list_json = subprocess.check_output("lsblk -nlb -o NAME,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT".split()) dev_list = parse_output(dev_list_json) # dev_list = json.loads(dev_list_json) # dev_list = dev_list["blockdevices"] return list(filter(lambda x: x['name'] in filter_name, dev_list)) def format_disk(dev): """ 将磁盘分成一个大区并格式化为ext4 返回格式化后到磁盘信息(包含磁盘自身及内部分区) """ command_part = "parted -s -a optimal %s mklabel gpt -- mkpart primary ext4 1 -1" % dev["path"] part_info = subprocess.check_output(command_part.split()) print(dev) path = dev['path'] if type(path) == unicode: path = path.encode("utf-8") print("将磁盘%s分区" , path) # print(part_info) command_lsblk = "lsblk -nlb -o NAME,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT %s" % dev["path"] dev_info = subprocess.check_output(command_lsblk.split()) dev_info = parse_output(dev_info)[0] # dev_info = json.loads(dev_info) # dev_info = dev_info['blockdevices'][0] command_mkfs = "mkfs.ext4 %s" % dev_info['children'][0]['path'] mkfs_info = subprocess.check_output(command_mkfs.split()) part_path = dev_info['children'][0]['path'] if type(part_path) == unicode: part_path = part_path.encode("utf-8") print("将分区 %s 格式化:" % part_path) print(mkfs_info) return dev_info def get_uuid_of_first_part(dev): first_part = dev['children'][0]['path'] command_blkid = "blkid -s UUID -o value %s" % first_part blkid_info = subprocess.check_output(command_blkid.split()) if type(blkid_info) == bytes: blkid_info = blkid_info.decode('utf-8') return blkid_info.strip() def mount_disk(dev, mount_dir): first_part = dev['children'][0]['path'] if not os.path.exists(mount_dir): os.mkdir(mount_dir) command_mount = "mount %s %s" % (first_part, mount_dir) subprocess.check_output(command_mount.split()) def write_fstab(uuid, mount_dir): """ 向 /etc/fstab 文件中追加一行: UUID=%s %s ext4 defaults 0 0 用以自动挂载 """ with open("/etc/fstab", 'a') as fp: fp.write("UUID=%s %s ext4 defaults 0 0\n" % (uuid, mount_dir)) def format_and_mount(dev_list): count = len(dev_list) if count == 1: dirs = [DIRNAME_BASE] else: dirs = list(map(lambda x: "%s%d" % (DIRNAME_BASE, x), range(count))) for i in range(count): dev = dev_list[i] # dev["path"] = os.path.join("/dev", dev['name']) mount_dir = os.path.join("/", dirs[i]) _dev = format_disk(dev) dev_uuid = get_uuid_of_first_part(_dev) mount_disk(_dev, mount_dir) write_fstab(dev_uuid, mount_dir) def check_permission(): """ 由于用到了很多分区/查看分区信息到工具, 本脚本需要以root权限执行. """ if os.getuid() != 0 or os.getgid() != 0: print("本脚本需要以root权限执行, 请 sudo 或 su -c 执行") exit(-1) def check_commands(): commands = ("lsblk", "blkid", "parted") try: for c in commands: command = "%s -h" % c subprocess.check_output(command.split()) except Exception as e: print("出现错误了! 环境不满足! 请检查错误信息:") print(e) exit(-1) def main(): args = parse_args() check_permission() check_commands() check_directory() root_dev = find_root_device() print(root_dev) # print(bytes_to_gigabytes(int(root_dev['size']))) if args.size: # 按容量大小来格式化 dev_list = list_disk_by_size(args.size) else: # 按照参数指定的磁盘来格式 dev_list = list_disk_by_name(args.device) # 移除root_dev dev_list = list(filter(lambda x: x['name'] != root_dev['name'], dev_list)) if len(dev_list) == 0: print("没有找到符合条件的磁盘, 请手动确认!") exit(-1) else: print("以下这些磁盘将要被格式化并挂载:") print(",".join(list(map(lambda x: x['path'], dev_list)))) format_and_mount(dev_list) if __name__ == "__main__": main()